How Does Internet P2P Work?

P2P on the Internet functions as a transient network between computers running a common P2P software application (e.g. Gnutella, Napster) that enables users to share files stored on each other’s local hard drives.

A user needs to first download and install a P2P application on his computer which then connects to other computers on the P2P network through an IP address from a list on the P2P software provider’s website. Once connected, their IP address is added to the list which other users then connect to when they go on-line. This process repeats itself as more users connect to the network.

Since there are no restrictions besides what the user defines as to which files to share, this has raised the concerns of major media publishers because this allows for the potential free exchange of copyrighted files as well.

P2P vs. Client/Server

Pros
- Lower cost - No need to purchase an expensive central server.
- Simplified installation - Several operating systems already have P2P functions built-in as a networking option.
Cons
- Potential security issues - Leaves computer more vulnerable to outside attacks if not properly configured.
- Decentralized storage - Complicates emergency back-up and restoration of files.